https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45136 Wed 26 Oct 2022 13:06:00 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26529 95%) in the prevalence of CVD risk factors, we presented median and interquartile range (IQR) instead of the pooled estimates as the summary measures. Median (IQR) prevalence of T2DM, HTN, dyslipidemia and smoking were 5.9% (1.97%-8.25%); 15.1% (10.52%-17.60%); 34.35% (10.66%-48.50%) and 40.56% (0.80%-55.95%), respectively. The prevalence of T2DM and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in urban compared to rural populations (13.5 vs 6%, p<0.001; 41.5 vs 30%, p = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of risk factors for CVDs is high in Bangladesh, more so in urban areas. Ageing of the population may be a factor but urbanization seems to have an influence, possibly related to changes in dietary and physical activity patterns. Further research, in particular longitudinal studies, is needed to explore the complex interaction of these factors and to inform policies and programs for the prevention and management of CVDs in Bangladesh.]]> Wed 23 Feb 2022 16:05:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53335 Wed 22 Nov 2023 10:13:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44465 Wed 22 Feb 2023 13:51:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43540 Wed 21 Sep 2022 12:35:38 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23269 Wed 19 Jun 2019 15:39:08 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47166 in vitro and animal models that the consumption of edible mushrooms has beneficial effects on health. It is unclear whether similar effects exist in humans and which bioactive compounds are present. This review synthesises the evidence on the world's most commonly consumed mushroom, Agaricus bisporus to (i) examine its effect on human health outcomes; and (ii) determine the nutrient density of its bioactive compounds, which may explain their health effects. A systematic literature search was conducted on the consumption of A. bisporus, without date and study design limits. Bioactive compounds included ergosterol, ergothioneine, flavonoids, glucans and chitin. Two authors independently identified studies for inclusion and assessed methodological quality. Beneficial effects of A. bisporus on metabolic syndrome, immune function, gastrointestinal health and cancer, with the strongest evidence for the improvement in Vitamin D status in humans, were found. Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposed mushrooms may increase and maintain serum 25(OH)D levels to a similar degree as vitamin D supplements. A. bisporus contain beta-glucans, ergosterol, ergothioneine, vitamin D and an antioxidant compound usually reported as flavonoids; with varying concentrations depending on the type of mushroom, cooking method and duration, and UVB exposure. Further research is required to fully elucidate the bioactive compounds in mushrooms using vigorous analytical methods and expand the immunological markers being tested. To enable findings to be adopted into clinical practice and public health initiatives, replication of existing studies in different population groups is required to confirm the impact of A. bisporus on human health.]]> Wed 14 Dec 2022 15:48:41 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27030 Wed 11 Jul 2018 15:05:19 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38205 2 = 0.0%; p=0.5). Conclusion: Although the CVS is a clinically relevant and viable sign, further work is needed to integrate this into the existing diagnostic criteria. As manual determination is a time-consuming process, the development of automated methods will be beneficial. With improvements in computational imaging techniques, the CVS will have an important role in the diagnosis and differentiation of MS.]]> Wed 11 Aug 2021 12:11:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13589 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:34:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15718 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:17:06 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24173 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:26:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22735 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:22:08 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15664 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:57:38 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3820 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:58:40 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15201 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:36:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16470 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:39:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21224 w1 there have been some significant developments in terms of synthesis of existing evidence, as well as emerging therapies. We therefore summarise recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomised controlled trials in order to provide a general update as to how to effectively identify and manage this disorder.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:11:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13060 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:48:12 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16767 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:38:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:2174 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:17:39 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41657 Wed 10 Aug 2022 10:49:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33370 Wed 09 Feb 2022 15:55:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36082 Wed 05 Feb 2020 13:13:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28078 Wed 04 Sep 2019 10:40:20 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28233 Wed 04 Sep 2019 10:37:52 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38127 Wed 04 Aug 2021 15:07:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45574 Wed 02 Nov 2022 10:16:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37701 Tue 16 Mar 2021 17:44:56 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55148 Tue 16 Apr 2024 15:16:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44011 n = 11), with the remaining studies being mixed methods (n = 3) or quantitative (n = 3). The majority focused on either a localised geographic area or specific Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander community (n = 11). One study specifically focused on factors influencing contraceptive use, albeit among postpartum women. The remaining studies discussed factors influencing contraceptive use within the context of risky behaviour, sexual transmitted infections, or contraceptive practices more generally. Factors unique to individual communities included community attitudes (e.g. importance of not being too young to have a baby), specific cultural norms (e.g. subincising the penis as part of transition to manhood), and access to culturally appropriate health services. Other factors, including contraceptive characteristics (e.g. discomfort of condoms) and reproductive coercion (e.g. partner wants a baby), were similar to those found in the broader population of Australia and internationally. Most studies were lacking in quality, warranting more methodologically sound studies in the future to further assess the factors contributing to contraceptive use or non-use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Conclusions: Identifying community specific facilitators, as well as understanding the more broadly applicable factors contributing to contraceptive use or non-use, is essential if wanting to offer appropriate contraceptive services within an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander community.]]> Tue 14 Nov 2023 14:41:56 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54231 Tue 13 Feb 2024 12:28:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33944 Tue 13 Aug 2019 11:52:16 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52364 Tue 10 Oct 2023 14:16:58 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38088 Tue 03 Aug 2021 18:28:58 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30162 Tue 02 Apr 2019 10:06:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53493 Thu 30 Nov 2023 15:43:47 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52109 Thu 28 Sep 2023 14:56:02 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52759 Thu 26 Oct 2023 12:40:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25778 or ≥ 4 were available for 22 of these 24 studies (total n = 3491), and ranged from 25 to 85%. In random effects meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence estimate was 50% (95% CI 43-57%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 94%). Neither depression status nor time point post-stroke explained the heterogeneity between studies. In post-hoc analysis, fatigue prevalence was found to be lower in the four Asian studies (35%; 95% CI 20-50; I² = 96%). Conclusions: Our results confirm that fatigue is a widespread issue for stroke survivors, although it may be less prevalent in Asia. Further research is needed to explain the wide variability in prevalence estimates between studies.]]> Thu 24 Mar 2022 11:30:50 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38739 Thu 20 Jan 2022 16:03:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41561 Thu 18 Apr 2024 12:30:28 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25845 Thu 17 Mar 2022 14:40:27 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54290 Thu 15 Feb 2024 14:45:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37119 Thu 14 Apr 2022 10:58:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48157 Thu 09 Mar 2023 09:44:43 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36099 Thu 06 Feb 2020 11:37:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42692 Thu 01 Sep 2022 09:27:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9502 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:35:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1709 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:27:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13873 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:25:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13871 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:25:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14138 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:24:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14243 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:22:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14525 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:19:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14526 24.9 kg/m² prior to weight loss. Studies were considered if the participants had existing co-morbidities associated with overweight and obesity; however, they were excluded if participants had major medical problems or psychological illness. Types of intervention(s): Weight loss maintenance intervention strategies considered eligible were manipulation of a specific dietary component including prescribed diets, guidelines, advice and/or support to adhere to a dietary prescription. Types of studies: Only randomized controlled trial study designs were considered. Types of outcomes: The primary outcome measures were weight change, body mass index change, waist circumference change and body fat change. Search strategy: Published and unpublished studies in the English language from 1970 to January 2012 were identified from six electronic databases. Methodological quality: Methodological quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the standardized critical appraisal instrument from the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. Data collection: Data were extracted using the JBI data extraction form for experimental studies and included participant characteristics, intervention characteristics, study retention rates, and weight outcomes (weight change; kg or %, body mass index, waist circumference). Data synthesis: The impact of interventions on weight outcomes was described in a narrative format within each group of studies. The effectiveness of weight loss maintenance interventions was also assessed using the criteria of maintenance of ≥5% of initial weight loss. When studies were sufficiently similar and results were reported as either changescores or final values, and presented as means with standard deviations, data were pooled in a meta-analysis. Results: Sixty-four articles representing 56 studies were included in this review. Twenty seven studies prescribed a diet intervention, 11 meal replacements, two re-feeding time and type, and 16 support delivery mode interventions. Of the 56 studies, only 14 reported significant results for weight loss maintenance (Diet n=6, Meal replacements, n=1, Re-feeding n=1, Support delivery mode n=6). Conclusions: Currently there are many weight loss maintenance interventions being trialed but few have been found to be effective at maintaining >5% of initial weight loss. Whether this is due to the intervention itself being ineffective or simply the lack of reporting of this outcome, it is clear that more studies are needed to address this issue.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:19:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14527 18 years. Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest: Intervention programs were required to have a parental component, to target eating and/or exercise behaviors for the prevention or treatment of obesity, and child weight status reported. Types of studies: All intervention studies were included in the review including: randomized controlled trials (RCTs); non-randomized controlled trials, longitudinal studies, cohort (both retrospective and prospective), case control and time series studies which had been conducted in a community setting. Types of outcomes: This review considered studies that included overweight/obesity related outcomes, eating behavior outcomes, physical activity behaviour outcomes, and sedentary behavior outcomes and constructs. Search strategy: A literature search of community-based parent-centred intervention studies to promote nutrition and physical activity for the prevention and treatment and of childhood overweight and obesity was performed in eight electronic databases dating from 1975 to April 2009. Methodological quality: Studies were critically appraised for methodological quality using standardized tools. Data collection: Data was extracted by one reviewer using a standardized data extraction form developed by the researchers and checked for accuracy and consistency by a second reviewer. Data synthesis: Data in relation to setting, methodology, intervention components and effect on weight, dietary intake and physical activity was extracted, and described in a narrative synthesis. Where possible a meta-analysis was undertaken. Results: Of the home-based interventions, five of nine studies reported statistically significant changes in anthropometric outcomes post intervention. Of the 10 studies in the before and after school care setting, seven reported a significant decrease in a weight-related outcome post intervention, with only one reporting an increase. Conclusions: Results from the review support the after-school setting as the most promising for community intervention setting for targeting parents as agents of change within child obesity prevention and treatment programs.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:19:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14523 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:19:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15815 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:19:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13294 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:18:05 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13472 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:15:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12268 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:10:13 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18835 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20494 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:59:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19610 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:24 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19613 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20971 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:54:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19687 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16853 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21644 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20983 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30253 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23593 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44136 Sat 08 Oct 2022 12:43:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52833 Mon 30 Oct 2023 09:42:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49709 Mon 29 May 2023 13:14:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44827 Mon 24 Oct 2022 09:45:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37149 Mon 24 Aug 2020 11:10:48 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32851 Mon 23 Sep 2019 12:33:59 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30450 Mon 23 Sep 2019 11:35:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39174 n = 65 indices). Some indices were age specific: infant (< 24-months; n = 8 indices), child (2–12-years; n = 16), adolescent (13–18 years; n = 8), and child/adolescent (n = 14). Thirty-seven indices evaluated for validity and/or reliability. Eleven of the 15 indices which investigated associations with prospective health outcomes reported significant results, such as improved IQ, quality of life, blood pressure, body composition, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Research utilising diet quality indices in paediatric populations is rapidly expanding internationally. However, few indices have been evaluated for validity, reliability, or association with health outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the validity, reliability, and association with health of frequently utilised diet quality indices to ensure data generated by an index is useful, applicable, and relevant. Registration: PROSPERO number: CRD42018107630.]]> Mon 23 May 2022 14:38:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51770 Mon 18 Sep 2023 14:30:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20555 Mon 18 Mar 2019 12:45:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53761 Mon 15 Jan 2024 09:48:58 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22691 Mon 11 Mar 2019 12:13:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44164 Mon 10 Oct 2022 09:59:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40020 Mon 04 Jul 2022 09:15:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39253 Fri 27 May 2022 15:49:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47759 Fri 27 Jan 2023 10:39:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35699 3 months when compared to control. A meta-analysis (n = 5) on total energy intake found no significant differences between groups. The BCTs with the highest effectiveness ratio were habit formation (100%), salience of consequences (83%) and adding objects to the environment (70%). The review highlights the potential of behavioural interventions to improve young adults’ fruit and vegetable intake but was less convincing for other dietary outcomes. Due to the lack of studies including each BCT, the BCTs imperative to success could not be identified.]]> Fri 25 Oct 2019 13:13:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33950 Fri 25 Jan 2019 09:14:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31131 Fri 22 Apr 2022 10:19:23 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41765 Fri 12 Aug 2022 11:49:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25451 Fri 10 Mar 2023 18:02:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51556 Fri 08 Sep 2023 15:06:39 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41523 Fri 05 Aug 2022 12:03:18 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45697 Fri 04 Nov 2022 08:28:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36755 464 participants) or staffing models (1 study, 647 participants) reduces nursing-staff turnover, or if primary nursing (2 studies, >138 participants) reduces costs, as we assessed the evidence for these outcomes to be of very low certainty.]]> Fri 03 Jul 2020 11:18:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33351 Fri 03 Dec 2021 10:31:58 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53507 Fri 01 Dec 2023 10:45:41 AEDT ]]>